Mice deficient in AMs due to a lack of GM‐CSF, specifically Csf2−/− mice, or its receptor GM‐CSFR, specifically Csf2rb−/− mice, exhibit impaired viral clearance and increased mortality following influenza virus infection.[21] Additionally, the overexpression of GM‐CSF in lung tissue can prevent AM apoptosis and enhance resistance to influenza.[22]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and influenza.