AKT1 and osteosarcoma: A study by Miwa et al., in 2012, showed that AKT–mTOR–p70 S6K, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and NF-κB were involved together in proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and these pathways could be inhibited by caffeine thereby decreasing tumor burden (Miwa et al., 2012).