GRASLND and central nervous system cancer: Previous studies have indicated that GRASLND serves as an unfavourable prognostic marker in several cancer types (Song et al., 2018; Hu et al., 2020; Chen et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2021; Rothzerg et al., 2021; Zhong et al., 2022), due to the promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma, bladder and gastric cancer (Wang et al., 2020; Ding et al., 2021; Tong et al., 2021; Li et al., 2021).