This dopamine-glutamate co-transmission has been linked to salience attribution in response to environmental cues,48,56 which is known to be aberrant in patients with psychosis.8,57 While the need for additional validation remains evident, particularly for the TH-expressing populations described here, our study suggests the loss of a potentially vulnerable subpopulation of DA neurons, which may also co-transmit glutamate in patients with schizophrenia. This evidence concerns the gene TH and psychotic disorder.