PTGS2 and atherosclerosis: C1q/TNF-related protein 5 upregulates 12/15-LOX through STAT6 signaling to accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, while inhibition of 12/15-LOX reduces LDL oxidation and improves atherosclerosis.538 In addition to LOX, PTGS2 and ACSL4 also play important roles in phospholipid metabolism.