HMOX1 and rheumatoid arthritis: Activation of Nrf2 can prevent inflammatory damage and oxidative stress in the synovium via transcribing antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1, superoxide dismutase, and GSH.351 Nrf2 activation not only inhibits ROS, but also inhibits inflammation-related signaling molecules and the proliferation and migration of FLSs, thus alleviating RA synovitis effectively.352