Taking in mind that glycaemia and insulin influences the immunological status it is reasonable to assume that T2D patients are more vulnerable to the aggression of periodontopathogenic microflora (13,36) and more susceptible to develop periodontal diseases, especially periodontitis (36) Furthermore, diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control have reported an impaired healing capacity as consequence of impaired immunological response that could explain poor periodontal outcomes after both surgical and non-surgical treatment (13,34). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.