FN1 and colorectal carcinoma: Multiple studies have reported strong associations of Fn with CRC tumors sampled from patient specimens (Figure 2).18,104,147–154 Furthermore, a comprehensive examination of >1,000 CRC cases across two U.S. cohort studies concluded that the abundance of Fn DNA in CRC tumors correlated positively with increased patient mortality.152 However, a common limitation found among many Fn – CRC studies is the lack of taxonomic resolution provided to distinguish among Fn subspecies.