After chronic treatment with IsoLiPro, significant reductions in Iba1 (Fig. 5A,C) and GFAP (Fig. 5B,D) levels were observed in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice, but not in 3xTg-AD mice (Appendix Fig. S4A–, D), suggesting the effectiveness of IsoLiPro in alleviating AD-related neuroinflammation. Here, GFAP is linked to Alzheimer disease.