The osteoinductive nature of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2, INFUSE, Medtronic) promotes cell proliferation, chemotaxis, and differentiation toward osteogenesis.5, 6, 7, 8 BMP-2 has been shown to markedly improve the likelihood of fusion among smokers compared with iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) and avoids an additional surgical approach with associated risks of pain, numbness, and infection.9,10. The gene discussed is BMP2; the disease is infection.