IFN-γ ELISpot assays in splenocytes further demonstrated that prophylactically deployed LPP-B16 vaccine elicited more robust neoepitope-specific responses compared to post-tumor vaccination (Fig. 6J), and prophylactic administration at the same dose (30 μg) also elicited a more robust and broader specific T cell response (Fig. 6K). Here, IFNG is linked to neoplasm.