INS and diabetes mellitus: Compared to those who did not develop VTDR, patients who developed VTDR had a longer duration of diabetes at baseline (63.5 months, IQR = 18.3–120 vs. 114 months, IQR = 48–150), higher HbA1c (7.4%, IQR = 6.5–9.5 vs. 10.7%, IQR = 8.1–11.9), greater proportion of patients with hypertension (46.9 vs. 64.0%), eGFR<60 ml / min / 1.73 m2 (15.8 vs. 28.0%), albuminuria (16.6 vs. 54.0%), insulin use (39.6 vs. 90.0%), but a smaller proportion of patients taking oral diabetic medications (64.0 vs. 46.0%).