Consequently, our HKa ELISA may be a useful in vitro assay for helping to predict in vivo efficacy for PKa inhibitors in development for HAE-C1INH and other indications potentially mediated by PKa, such as bradykinin-mediated angioedema (39), diabetic macular edema (40), Alzheimer's disease (15), ischemic stroke (41), myocardial infarction (42), systemic lupus erythematosus (43), cancer (44), and sepsis (45). The gene discussed is SERPING1; the disease is angioedema.