CD44 and lung cancer: This upregulation facilitates the recruitment and adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells to lung cancer cells via JAK2/STAT3 signaling and promotes the formation of tumor-associated mesenchymal stem cells through osteopontin receptors (integrins αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, or CD44), thereby enhancing lung cancer cell migration and invasion.105 Moreover, in NSCLC, M2-TAM induced by EVs containing circEML4 from CSE can promote tumor progression through ALKBH5-mediated m6A modification of SOCS2.