These factors collectively regulate ECM remodeling within the PMN.171 For instance, lipopolysaccharide binding protein derived from gastric cancer (GC) activates NF-κB in a TLR4-dependent manner, promoting the secretion of TGF-β1 by intrahepatic macrophages, subsequently activating HSCs, leading to increased ECM deposition in the liver and coordinating the formation of fibrotic PMN within the liver.172. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and gastric cancer.