LBP and gastric cancer: These factors collectively regulate ECM remodeling within the PMN.171 For instance, lipopolysaccharide binding protein derived from gastric cancer (GC) activates NF-κB in a TLR4-dependent manner, promoting the secretion of TGF-β1 by intrahepatic macrophages, subsequently activating HSCs, leading to increased ECM deposition in the liver and coordinating the formation of fibrotic PMN within the liver.172