CPS1 and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: In non‐small cell lung cancer, CPS1 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by increasing pyrimidine synthesis.[14] CPS1 expression level is increased in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,[15] colorectal cancer,[16, 17] glioblastoma[18] and bladder cancer,[19] which promote cell proliferation, and is negatively associated with the prognosis of patients.