IRF3 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Wang et al. demonstrated that the inhibition of CTLA4 activated CD8+ T cells and increased IFN-γ and TNF-α levels, which in turn induced the STAT1/IRF1 axis activation to trigger tumor cell pyroptosis with tumor cell death in HNSCC cell lines.597 IRF2-induced claudin-7 upregulation to suppress oral SCC cell lines proliferation, invasion, and migration.598 The m6A demethylase alkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase (ALKBH5) overexpression inhibited RIG-I protein, resulting in the downregulation of IFN-α secretion mediated by the IKKε/TBK1/IRF3 axis.