IRF1 upregulates PD-L1, and HHLA2, and activates the mTOR/STAT3/AKT pathway to facilitate HCC immune escape, invasion, and migration; meanwhile, IRF1 also enhances HCC autophagy and induces miR-195, CXCL10, and CXCR expression to cause HCC cell apoptosis and death. The gene discussed is HHLA2; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.