IRF2 and neoplasm: The IRF2 motif is also enriched in the NPC unique cluster,601 and IRF2 promotes centromere protein N (CENP-N) expression in NPC cells, further facilitates NPC cell proliferation, cell cycling, and apoptosis resistance, alongside increased aerobic glycolysis.602 Ge et al. demonstrated that circBART2.2 promoted PD-L1 expression via activating IRF3 and NF-κB in NPC, thereby inducing tumor immune escape.603 These studies suggest that IRF2 and IRF3 likely act as tumor promoters in NPC.