TGFB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Secondly, since it has been have shown that TGF‐β/SMAD signaling has a critical role in the regulation of adipocyte commitment of MSCs and thus this mechanism could offer a new strategy for treating obesity, diabetes mellitus, and obesity‐related metabolism syndrome [54], contributions of various down‐stream factors of TGF‐β/SMAD signaling also need to be investigated.