Although C3 is markedly increased through the formation of immune complexes, it is also a known adipocytokine, and serum C3 levels are significantly positively correlated with triglyceride levels [54], suggesting that the serum C3–triglyceride interaction may contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome by stimulating phenotypic changes in visceral adipocytes. The gene discussed is C3; the disease is metabolic syndrome.