IL4 and rheumatoid arthritis: In RMH-treated co-cultured RA-FLSs, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, PAF, PI3K, AKT, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and RPLP2 expression levels were upregulated, while IL-4 and IL-10 levels were downregulated (Figures 9N-U).