BMAL1 and Cognitive impairment: In addition to affecting Bmal1, as also previously reported by Ma and colleagues (Ma et al, 2013), O-GlcNAcylation of additional clock proteins, such as Per2 and Clock, has been reported to have a role in regulating clock gene expression in diverse tissues, further investigation is warranted to determine if these proteins are glycosylated in hippocampal neurons and if they play a pathogenetic role in cognitive impairment in diabetes.