Interestingly, this has been demonstrated previously, where a truncated form of α-synuclein phosphorylated at Ser129, termed pSyn*, was identified in human PD brains and in α-synuclein PFF-treated neurons and mice and was highly mitotoxic, inducing mitochondrial damage and mitophagy in the neurons72. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.