In addition, we examined markers of immunosuppressive TME such as galectin-1 (Gal-1), which was recently implicated in impaired immune surveillance during PDAC progression (32), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) as the most prominent immune checkpoint protein expressed by tumour cells, and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), which is necessary for antigen presentation and T-cell activation. The gene discussed is LGALS1; the disease is neoplasm.