IFNB1 and neoplasm: Mechanistically, radiation-induced anti-tumour immunity can be induced by the accumulation of DNA in the cytosol of irradiated cells, which activates the cGAMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and leads to the production of type 1 interferons (IFN-1), specifically interferon-beta 1 (IFNB1) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) such as CXCL10 (18, 19).