GFAP and pineal body neoplasm: Risk factors for the development of LMS include young age (35-45 years old), male sex, prolonged survival after initial diagnosis, infratentorial and pineal tumors, ventricular opening during surgery, distance from the ventricles, and specific histologic and molecular markers [gains at the 1p36 locus, loss of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation, astrocytic phenotype, and high Ki67/Mib1 expression).