Cell cycle regulation within CRC is also under the influence of PI3K/Akt, as evidenced by its suppression of p27Kip1 and p130, key inhibitors of the G1/S cell cycle transition, via the inhibition of forkhead box proteins.45 Additionally, the inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) by PI3K/Akt leads to increased levels of cyclin D1 and Myc, which are pivotal in cell cycle progression and proliferation (Fig. 2) and this PI3K/Akt-GSK3 pathway could be targeted by Toosendanin and PP9, a steroidal saponin in CRC.46 The gene discussed is CCND1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.