The graphic summary in Fig. 6g describes how our findings can be integrated in a simple representation of the BM microenvironment: a soluble crosstalk driven, at least partly, by IL-1β from monocytes/macrophages [62] and TNF-α from T lymphocytes [63] in the cellular niche activates NF-κB either directly or indirectly in stromal and myeloma cells. Here, IL1B is linked to plasma cell myeloma.