TNF and cancer: Cancer cells typically display tumor-specific antigens or neoantigens on MHC-I molecules, which interact with CD8+ T cells, promoting cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and cell-mediated lysis through the perforin/granzyme pathway or apoptosis pathways mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF), FAS, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).