Risk factors for the development of CE and subclinical CE include rapid infusion of insulin, rapid correction of hyperglycemia, significantly elevated glucose levels, younger age, new-onset diabetes, severe acidosis, uremia, first episode of DKA, slower correction of hyponatremia, sodium bicarbonate administration, and production of osmotically active ions in the brain [27-29]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Hyperglycemia.