HIV-infected individuals from 4 different groups were selected from the Amsterdam Cohort Studies on HIV infection and AIDS from whom stored peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were available: progressors (n = 7), LTNP carrying the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) B*57 allele (B*57 LTNP; n = 6), LTNP negative for HLA- B*57 (non-B*57 LTNP; n = 6) and individuals homozygous for the minor genotype of two linked SNPs (rs7262903 and rs7269320) in the MAVS gene that have previously been associated with virological control (MAVS-/-; n = 7) [39, 48]. This evidence concerns the gene MAVS and AIDS.