Our analysis unveiled a positive correlation between the transcriptional levels of macrophage polarization markers (IL‐1β, IL‐12β, TNF, CXCL1, and CXCL2) and LMP2 and LMP7 (EGAS00001006398) (Figure 1L; Figure S1H, Supporting Information).[20] These findings collectively suggest that the expression of immunoproteasome is heightened concomitantly with macrophage polarization during the development of COPD. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.