Multivariate logistic regression revealed a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of CKD in the high VCAM-1 and low BDNF group (OR = 3.885, 95% CI: 1.766–8.547, P <0.001), followed by that in the high VCAM-1 and high BDNF group (OR = 3.099, 95% CI: 1.373–6.992, P =0.006) compared with that in the low VCAM-1 and high BDNF group. Here, BDNF is linked to chronic kidney disease.