The highest OR of 3.885 (95% CI: 1.766–8.547, P < 0.001) for CKD was observed in the high VCAM-1 and low BDNF group, and it was followed by 3.099 (95% CI: 1.373–6.992, P = 0.006) in the high VCAM-1 and high BDNF group compared with that in the low VCAM-1 and high BDNF group. Here, BDNF is linked to chronic kidney disease.