Through correlation analysis encompassing the gut bacterial community, fecal metabolomics, and pharmacological indices of lung and intestinal tissues, it was discerned that pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 within the pulmonary milieu of ALI-afflicted mice exhibited significant associations with fecal metabolites including tryptophan, L-kynurenine, formyl-kynurenine, arachidonic acid, leukotriene C4, and 12-HpETE, alongside marked correlations with the abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.