demonstrated that patients with primary APS, APS-associated with other SARDs, and aPL-positive SLE (without APS) had a higher percentage EC4d- and PC4d-positive cells compared to normal healthy individuals, aPL-negative patients with thrombosis, and patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The gene discussed is FASLG; the disease is autoimmune polyendocrinopathy.