MAP2K4 and pancreatic neoplasm: For pancreatic cancer, saikosaponin D could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of BxPC3, PANC1, and Pan02 cells by triggering cleavage of caspase 3 and caspase 9 and increasing expression of FoxO3a via activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (MKK4-JNK) pathway [266].