It is also notable that both these individuals had large antecedent DNMT3A-CH clones and that it is common for DNMT3A (particularly R882), NPM1, and FLT3 mutations to co-occur in AML (142, 154); indeed, NPM1 mutations in isolation are known to be insufficient for transformation to AML (155). The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.