ARC and hydrops fetalis: Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that ARC acts as an efficient inhibitor of PCDs (e.g. apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis) to play a protective role in the progression of various CVDs, including hypertension, myocardial I/R injury, cardiac hypertrophy, DOX cardiotoxicity, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and HF.