Although NSPHs secreted high levels of IL-6 and CXCL10 following 3 days of stimulation with a pro-inflammatory cocktail consisting of ATP, LPS, IL-1β, IFNγ and TNFα (Figure 3C), no significant release of IL-6 and CXCL10 in the NSPH cell culture supernatant could be detected following VZVeGFP-ORF23 infection over the 3 measured timepoints (3-, 5- and 7-days post-stimulation) (Figure 3D). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.