PSMD1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Primary human pancreatic cancer cells, designated “priPC-1,” as reported previously [29, 30], were subjected to infection with two lentiviral vectors encoding Gαi3-targeted short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), specifically “sh-Gαi3-s1” and “sh-Gαi3-s2,” (with non-overlapping sequences [20, 24, 25, 28]), alongside a scramble nonspecific control shRNA (“shC”).