In ccRCC, UMOD’s expression is regulated by STAT3 and FOXC1(Fig 4B), which enhances its role in maintaining ionic balance and managing cellular stress [159].UMOD helps ccRCC cells adapt to the challenging tumor microenvironment by regulating the release of extracellular vesicles, which can affect neighboring cells and modulate the immune response [159]. Here, UMOD is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.