To evaluate whether DSF inhibits C2 toxin, HeLa cells were incubated for 5 h with C2 toxin in the presence or absence of increasing DSF concentrations (0.94 μM–15 μM), that have previously been proven to show no adverse effects on HeLa cell viability (Supplementary Figures 1A, B) and lie within the range of DSF plasma concentrations in patients treated for alcoholism (up to 20 μM) (Beaudry et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene C2 and alcohol dependence.