HNRNPA1 and Familial prostate cancer: HNRNPA1 has been extensively studied across various human cancers, with relatively few reports in prostate cancer.54–56 We therefore investigated the impact of HNRNPA1 on tumor cellular phenotypes in prostate cancer and found that silencing HNRNPA1 through shRNA or siRNA led to inhibited cell growth, colony formation, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1, DU145, and LNCaP (Fig. 4a–e and Supplementary Fig. 4a–e).