Johy et al. [95] reported that patients with T2DM who had undergone 6 months of vitamin D supplementation (60,000 IU cholecalciferol/wk for the first 3 months followed by 60,000 IU/month for the subsequent 3 months) displayed reduced serum levels of IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), CXCL10, CXCL12, CCL2, CCL5, CCL11, and platelet factor 4 compared with those at baseline. Here, TNF is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.