Food nutrients are known to have powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis by activating antioxidant defense systems such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and the phase II detoxification genes and enzymes including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), GPx, thioredoxin (Trx), SOD, and CAT for neuroprotection during OS and neurotoxicity that lead to the onset and progression of neuropsychiatric disorders such as ADHD [79,80,81]. This evidence concerns the gene CAT and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.