These results are consistent with our findings, which show that MHV68 infection enhanced both the mRNA (lung) and protein levels (lung, serum) of IL-6 in tumor-bearing mice 7-days post-infection, a time when MDSC-promoting cytokines (Csf3 and Cxcl1) and MDSC markers (Cd84, Jaml, and Trem2) were also significantly elevated. Here, CXCL1 is linked to neoplasm.