Maltol supplementation reversed the diabetes-induced upregulation of NSE production, as shown in Figure 4D. Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) belong to the Bcl-2 family and regulate mitochondrial membrane permeability to determine whether to initiate apoptosis [29]. This evidence concerns the gene BCL2 and diabetes mellitus.