Additionally, in another study 391 SNPs encompassing 190 immune and 67 neuronal genes were genotyped in a large cohort of achalasia patients and healthy volunteers, identifying the SNP rs1799724, located on chromosome 6p21 between the lymphotoxin-α (LTA) and TNFα genes, as a susceptibility factor for idiopathic achalasia [[35], Table 1 and Figure 2]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Achalasia.