Another study compared the plasma immunological profiles of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23 in 53 patients with achalasia, 22 eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), and 20 gastroesophageal reflux disease, through Quantikine Human Immunoassays. This evidence concerns the gene IL23A and eosinophilic esophagitis.