VEGFA and cancer: To adapt cancer cells to hypoxic conditions and acidosis, resulting from the fermentative metabolism of the Warburg effect, HIF-1 induces the upregulation of multiple genes, including those responsible for the overexpression of glucose (GLUT1 and GLUT3) and proton transporters, lactate-proton symporters (MCT1 and MTC4), angiogenetic factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF), and the tumor-associated isoforms IX and XII of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) [8,9,10].