They demonstrated that the levels of cytokines IL-1 (interleukin-1) and IL-18 (interleukin 18), caspase-3, complement C4A and APOA-IV (apolipoprotein A-IV) were higher in tear exosomes of patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy, compared to those without ophthalmopathy and healthy subjects [43]. The gene discussed is APOA4; the disease is Graves ophthalmopathy.