BACE1 and Alzheimer disease: Barros-Viegas AT et al. [73] studied the role of miRNA-31 in improving cognition and abolishing Aβ pathology by targeting APP and BACE1 in an AD mice model, discovering that miR-31 was downregulated in patients with AD, and may concurrently lower the levels of APP and BACE1 mRNA in the hippocampal regions of AD mice.