Watanabe et al. demonstrated that combining mesothelin-redirected chimeric antigen receptor T cells (meso-CAR T cells) with an oncolytic adenovirus expressing TNF-α and IL-2 (OAd-TNFa-IL2) significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) models. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.