Concerning pneumonia, enhanced FEV1 (OR per SD = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.88, 0.98]) and FVC (OR per SD = 0.94 [95% CI: 0.88, 1.00]) lowered the infection risk, whereas elevated CRP, IL-6, and monocyte count magnified the risk of pneumonia (Supplementary Figure S2 and Tables S8 and S9). Here, CRP is linked to infection.