The greater the neuroaxonal damage is in such an autoimmune inflammation, the higher the increase in NfL levels in CSF and subsequently in peripheral blood, as was recently shown by the examples of anti-NMDAR encephalitis [23,24], GAD65 antibody-mediated encephalitis [25], neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) [26], and in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated encephalitis of children [27]. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is encephalitis.